Applied Ontology Wiki - Recent changes [en]

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Phismith — Thu, 13 Aug 2026 17:48:44 GMT

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	[http://ontology.buffalo.edu/ How to apply]		[http://ontology.buffalo.edu/ How to apply]

	~~:Masters students will be automatically enrolled in the PhD program upon request.~~

	[http://ontology.buffalo.edu/docs/UB-AO-Masters-Handbook.pdf Graduate Handbook]		[http://ontology.buffalo.edu/docs/UB-AO-Masters-Handbook.pdf Graduate Handbook]

The World's Ontology Ecosystem

Phismith — Mon, 10 Aug 2026 14:17:01 GMT

Course Focus

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	* Critical comparison of BFO with alternative ontology and data modeling approaches		* Critical comparison of BFO with alternative ontology and data modeling approaches
	* Intensive training in BFO tradecraft		* Intensive training in BFO tradecraft
			* Role of philosophy in ontology development and dissemination
	~~The course also includes structured discussions~~ of:

	* Financial and ~~enterprise ontologies (e.g., FIBO)~~
	* Government data standards (e.g., NIEM)
	* Palantir and other AI-driven ontology construction systems

	== Domains of Application ==		== Domains of Application ==
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	== Registration ==		== Registration ==

	Go <https://ncor-network.org/summer-school-2026 here>		Go [https://ncor-network.org/summer-school-2026 here]

	~~== Draft Syllabus ==~~

	~~'''DRAFT SYLLABUS'''~~

	~~The draft syllabus is available here:~~

	~~[[Media:PHI605_Ontology_Ecosystem_Syllabus.docx\|Download the Draft~~ Syllabus]]		== Syllabus ==

	~~This syllabus is a working draft~~ and ~~remains subject to revision~~.		Syllabus and further information are available [https://ncor-network.org/summer-school-2026 here].

Main Page

Phismith — Thu, 30 Jul 2026 18:21:03 GMT

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			'''UB Applied Ontology Master of Science and PhD Program'''

			[https://www.buffalo.edu/cas/philosophy/graduate/ms.html Background information on the MS program]

			[http://ontology.buffalo.edu/ How to apply]

			:Masters students will be automatically enrolled in the PhD program upon request.

			[http://ontology.buffalo.edu/docs/UB-AO-Masters-Handbook.pdf Graduate Handbook]

	[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m31RXQRtaRU&t=1905s Program FAQ in Video Format]		[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m31RXQRtaRU&t=1905s Program FAQ in Video Format]

	~~'''UB Applied Ontology Master of Science and PhD Program'''~~

	Course for Summer 2026		'''Course for Summer 2026'''

	*PHI 605SEM-SMI (13336): [[The World's Ontology Ecosystem]]		*PHI 605SEM-SMI (13336): [[The World's Ontology Ecosystem]]


	Courses for Fall 2026:		'''Courses for Fall 2026'''

	*PHI598: [https://aowiki.nsm.buffalo.edu/index.php/BFO-Intro-Fall-2026 Introduction to Basic Formal Ontology], University at Buffalo, Fall 2026		*PHI598: [https://aowiki.nsm.buffalo.edu/index.php/BFO-Intro-Fall-2026 Introduction to Basic Formal Ontology], University at Buffalo, Fall 2026
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	*PHI489/579: [[Intelligence Analysis and Ontology Engineering Fall 2026\|Intelligence Analysis and Ontology Engineering]], University at Buffalo, Fall 2026		*PHI489/579: [[Intelligence Analysis and Ontology Engineering Fall 2026\|Intelligence Analysis and Ontology Engineering]], University at Buffalo, Fall 2026

			*PHITUT596 [https://ontology.buffalo.edu/docs/UB-AO-Masters-Handbook.pdf Applied Ontology Internship]
			Electives

			*BMI501: [https://medicine.buffalo.edu/departments/biomedical-informatics/education/masters/course-descriptions.html Survey of Biomedical Ontology]
			*BMI508: [https://medicine.buffalo.edu/departments/biomedical-informatics/education/masters/course-descriptions.html Biomedical Ontologies]


			'''Courses for Spring 2027 (Advance notice)'''

	~~Courses for~~ Spring ~~2026 (Advance notice)~~		A new course entitled Ontology of Society, focusing on law and organizations, will be available in Spring 2027.

	~~A new course entitled Ontology of Society, focusing on law and organizations, will be organized in Spring 2027.~~

Ontology and AI

Phismith — Mon, 20 Jul 2026 13:15:53 GMT

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	'''Introduction'''		'''Introduction'''

	Ontology (also called 'metaphysics') is a subfield of philosophy which aims to ~~establich~~ the kinds of entities in the world -- including both the material and the mental world -- and the relations between them. Applied ontology applies philosophical ideas and methods to support those who are collecting, using, comparing, refining, evaluating or (today above all) generating data.		Ontology (also called 'metaphysics') is a subfield of philosophy which aims to establish the kinds of entities in the world -- including both the material and the mental world -- and the relations between them. Applied ontology applies philosophical ideas and methods to support those who are collecting, using, comparing, refining, evaluating or (today above all) generating data.

	Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the subfield of Computer Science devoted to developing programs that enable computers to display behavior that can (broadly) be characterized as 'intelligent'. On the strong version, the ultimate goal of AI is to create what is called ''General Artificial Intelligence'' (AGI), by which is meant an artificial system that is as intelligent as a human being. ChatGPT and other large language models (LLMs) attempt to generate data from other data, where the latter are obtained for example by crawling the internet.		Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the subfield of Computer Science devoted to developing programs that enable computers to display behavior that can (broadly) be characterized as 'intelligent'. On the strong version, the ultimate goal of AI is to create what is called ''General Artificial Intelligence'' (AGI), by which is meant an artificial system that is as intelligent as a human being. ChatGPT and other large language models (LLMs) attempt to generate data from other data, where the latter are obtained for example by crawling the internet.

BFO-Intro-Fall-2026

Phismith — Mon, 20 Jul 2026 12:21:37 GMT

Supplementary Videos

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	\|-		\|-
	\| 11 \|\| Building Ontologies: An Introduction for Engineers (Part 2) \|\| 53:01 \|\| https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8vdUUhF4JdE		\| 11 \|\| Building Ontologies: An Introduction for Engineers (Part 2) \|\| 53:01 \|\| https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8vdUUhF4JdE
			\|}

			==Grading Policy==
			Grading follows standard [http://grad.buffalo.edu/Academics/Policies-Procedures/Grading-Procedures.html Graduate School policies]. Grades will be weighted according to the following breakdown:

			Weighting Assignment
			:20% - class discussions
			:15% - video presentation
			:15% - powerpoint slides
			:50% - essay

			Grade Quality Percentage
			{\| class = wikitable
			\| A \|\| 4.0 \|\| 90.0% -100.00%
			\|-
			\| A- \|\| 3.67 \|\| 87.0% - 89.9%
			\|-
			\| B+ \|\| 3.33 \|\| 84.0% - 86.9%
			\|-
			\| B \|\| 3.00 \|\| 80.0% - 83.9%
			\|-
			\| B- \|\| 2.67 \|\| 77.0% - 79.9%
			\|-
			\| C+ \|\| 2.33 \|\| 74.0% - 76.9%
			\|-
			\| C \|\| 2.00 \|\| 71.0% - 73.9%
			\|-
			\| C- \|\| 1.67 \|\| 68.0% - 70.9%
			\|-
			\| D+ \|\| 1.33 \|\| 65.0% - 67.9%
			\|-
			\| D \|\| 1.00 \|\| 62.0% - 64.9%
			\|-
			\| F \|\| 0 \|\| 61.9% or below
			\|}

			An interim grade of Incomplete (I) may be assigned if the student has not completed all requirements for the course. An interim grade of 'I' shall not be assigned to a student who did not attend the course. The default grade accompanying an interim grade of 'I' shall be 'U' and will be displayed on the UB record as 'IU.' The default Unsatisfactory (U) grade shall become the permanent course grade of record if the 'IU' is not changed through formal notice by the instructor upon the student's completion of the course.

			Assignment of an interim 'IU' is at the discretion of the instructor. A grade of 'IU' can be assigned only if successful completion of unfulfilled course requirements can result in a final grade better than the default 'U' grade. The student should have a passing average in the requirements already completed. The instructor shall provide the student specification, in writing, of the requirements to be fulfilled.

			The university’s Graduate Incomplete Policy can be found [http://grad.buffalo.edu/study/progress/policylibrary.a-to-z.html#iugrade here].

			=='''Related Policies and Services'''==

			'''Academic integrity''' is a fundamental university value. Through the honest completion of academic work, students sustain the integrity of the university while facilitating the university's imperative for the transmission of knowledge and culture based upon the generation of new and innovative ideas. See http://grad.buffalo.edu/Academics/Policies-Procedures/Academic-Integrity.html.

			'''Accessibility resources:''' If you have any disability which requires reasonable accommodations to enable you to participate in this course, please contact the Office of Accessibility Resources in 60 Capen Hall, 645-2608 and also the instructor of this course during the first week of class. The office will provide you with information and review appropriate arrangements for reasonable accommodations, which can be found on the web [http://www.buffalo.edu/studentlife/who-we-are/departments/accessibility.html here].

			'''University suppert services:''' Students are often unaware of university support services. For example, the Center for Excellence in Writing provides support for written work, and several tutoring centers on campus provide academic success support and resources.

			'''Available resources on sexual assault:''' UB is committed to providing an environment free of all forms of discrimination and sexual harassment, including sexual assault, domestic and dating violence and stalking. If you have experienced gender-based violence (intimate partner violence, attempted or completed sexual assault, harassment, coercion, stalking, etc.), UB has resources to help. This includes academic accommodations, health and counseling services, housing accommodations, helping with legal protective orders, and assistance with reporting the incident to police or other UB officials if you so choose. Please contact UB’s Title IX Coordinator at 716-645-2266 for more information. For confidential assistance, you may also contact a Crisis Services Campus Advocate at 716-796-4399.

			'''Counselling services:''' As a student you may experience a range of issues that can cause barriers to learning or reduce your ability to participate in daily activities. These might include strained relationships, anxiety, high levels of stress, alcohol/drug problems, feeling down, health concerns, or unwanted sexual experiences. Counseling, Health Services, and Health Promotion are here to help with these or other concerns. You learn can more about these programs and services by contacting:
			:Counseling Services: 120 Richmond Quad (North Campus), phone 716-645-2720
			:Health Services: Michael Hall (South Campus), phone: 716-829-3316
			:Health Promotion: 114 Student Union (North Campus), phone: 716- 645-2837

			=='''Related Policies and Services'''==

			'''Academic integrity''' is a fundamental university value. Through the honest completion of academic work, students sustain the integrity of the university while facilitating the university's imperative for the transmission of knowledge and culture based upon the generation of new and innovative ideas. See http://grad.buffalo.edu/Academics/Policies-Procedures/Academic-Integrity.html.

			'''Accessibility resources:''' If you have any disability which requires reasonable accommodations to enable you to participate in this course, please contact the Office of Accessibility Resources in 60 Capen Hall, 645-2608 and also the instructor of this course during the first week of class. The office will provide you with information and review appropriate arrangements for reasonable accommodations, which can be found on the web [http://www.buffalo.edu/studentlife/who-we-are/departments/accessibility.html here].

			'''University suppert services:''' Students are often unaware of university support services. For example, the Center for Excellence in Writing provides support for written work, and several tutoring centers on campus provide academic success support and resources.

			'''Available resources on sexual assault:''' UB is committed to providing an environment free of all forms of discrimination and sexual harassment, including sexual assault, domestic and dating violence and stalking. If you have experienced gender-based violence (intimate partner violence, attempted or completed sexual assault, harassment, coercion, stalking, etc.), UB has resources to help. This includes academic accommodations, health and counseling services, housing accommodations, helping with legal protective orders, and assistance with reporting the incident to police or other UB officials if you so choose. Please contact UB’s Title IX Coordinator at 716-645-2266 for more information. For confidential assistance, you may also contact a Crisis Services Campus Advocate at 716-796-4399.

			'''Counselling services:''' As a student you may experience a range of issues that can cause barriers to learning or reduce your ability to participate in daily activities. These might include strained relationships, anxiety, high levels of stress, alcohol/drug problems, feeling down, health concerns, or unwanted sexual experiences. Counseling, Health Services, and Health Promotion are here to help with these or other concerns. You learn can more about these programs and services by contacting:
			:Counseling Services: 120 Richmond Quad (North Campus), phone 716-645-2720
			:Health Services: Michael Hall (South Campus), phone: 716-829-3316
			:Health Promotion: 114 Student Union (North Campus), phone: 716- 645-2837

Ontology of Economics

Phismith — Mon, 20 Jul 2026 12:19:09 GMT

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	B. Smith and J. Landgrebe, 2022, [https://buffalo.box.com/s/pkwxnosijir07tn5lpp0g2upw894r2yo "Models of Complex Systems"], especially pp. 157f.		B. Smith and J. Landgrebe, 2022, [https://buffalo.box.com/s/pkwxnosijir07tn5lpp0g2upw894r2yo "Models of Complex Systems"], especially pp. 157f.

			E Martinelli. 2025 [https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13869795.2025.2521296#d1e140 "A taxonomy of agents"]

			E Martinelli, 2025 [https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00146-024-02078-9 "An agent-based approach to the limits of economic planning"]

			E Martinelli and B Smith, 2025 [https://philarchive.org/archive/MARSUM-4 "Artificial Intelligence and the Creativity of Human Entrepreneurs"]

	== '''Recommended background video content''' ==		== '''Recommended background video content''' ==
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	Note that if you are using the free version of an LLM this may require you to send longer documents in separate chunks. In this case I recommend that you invest (ca. $20 per month) for the extended version of the LLM.		Note that if you are using the free version of an LLM this may require you to send longer documents in separate chunks. In this case I recommend that you invest (ca. $20 per month) for the extended version of the LLM.

	Feel free to contact me if you have any questions.		Feel free to contact Dr Smith if you have any questions.

	<!--		<!--

BFO-Intro-Fall-2026

Phismith — Sun, 19 Jul 2026 19:47:55 GMT

Week 12 (November 9): The Emotion Ontology

Show changes